Module Loading in Depth

To understand how ESM actually works and how it can deal effectively with circular dependencies, we have to deep dive a little bit deeper into how JavaScript code is parsed and evaluated when using ES modules.

In this section, we’ll learn how ECMAScript modules are loaded. We’ll also present the idea of read-only live bindings. Finally, we’ll discuss an example with circular dependencies.

Loading phases

The goal of the interpreter is to build a graph of all the necessary modules, a dependency graph.